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Impact of New U.S. Microchip Export Rules Could Wipe Out 80% of Market

Hannah Perry | January 14, 2025

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Impact of New U.S. Microchip Export Rules: An 80% Market Depopulation?

New White House Rules Target AI Chip Exports

One of the most significant reactions to the latest microchip export restrictions unveiled by the White House is the dire prediction that up to 80% of the market may evaporate as a result. The regulations announced on Monday will impose new limits on artificial intelligence (AI) exports that affect prominent companies, including Nvidia and Advanced Micro Devices (AMD). These limitations have drawn strong opposition from industry stakeholders who argue that the new rules could stifle innovation and U.S. competitiveness in the global semiconductor market.

Details of the Interim Final Rule

Under the interim final rule on artificial-intelligence diffusion, most nations will find themselves subject to restrictions on advanced AI chip orders. U.S. Commerce Secretary Gina Raimondo explained in a briefing that the primary goal of these rules is to curtail the capability of adversaries in areas such as nuclear simulations and bioweapon development while allowing for commercial applications of the technology. Notably, gaming chips, even those exhibiting capabilities close to AI chips, are excluded from these restrictions.

The containment measures specify that the bulk of nations—including Brazil, Israel, Mexico, Singapore, and Saudi Arabia—will face cotton caps, allowing only a limited quota of advanced Graphics Processing Units (GPUs). Specifically, countries not seeking a higher threshold will be limited to purchasing 50,000 advanced GPUs.

Key Allies and Partners Exempted

The White House has clarified that the restrictions will not apply to 18 key allies and partners, including Canada, Germany, the U.K., and Taiwan, which houses Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company (TSMC). Companies in these allied countries can continue to enjoy unfettered access to advanced AI chips, potentially creating a significant competitive edge and raising concerns among U.S. semiconductor firms that are not part of this select group.

Market Reactions and Corporate Pushback

The stock market responded to the news with volatility; Nvidia shares fell by 2% during Monday trading, making it the worst-performing stock among the Dow industrials. Conversely, AMD’s stock managed to gain 1% by the end of the session. The corporate backlash was immediate. In a blog post, Nvidia vehemently criticized the new regulations, characterizing them as a substantial overreach by the Biden Administration. Ned Finkle, vice president of government affairs at Nvidia, lamented, “This sweeping overreach would impose bureaucratic control over how America’s leading semiconductors, computers, systems, and even software are designed and marketed globally.”

In addition to Nvidia’s critical response, Oracle Executive Vice President Ken Glueck warned that the new rules could significantly reduce the global chip market for U.S. companies by a staggering 80%. Glueck emphasized, “A rule of this consequence on that timetable will turn the U.S. cloud industry upside down.”

Concerns on Market Opportunities

Experts are raising alarms about the long-term implications of these export restrictions. Stephen Ezell, vice president for global innovation policy at the Information Technology and Innovation Foundation, stated that the limitations imposed on U.S. exports would likely push other countries to source AI chips from competitors, such as Chinese companies like Biren. “Placing caps on U.S. exports of AI GPUs will limit market opportunities for U.S. companies while providing an open door for foreign suppliers of AI chips,” he warned.

Future Implications and the Path Forward

As the comment period for these new restrictions will last for 120 days, there remains an opportunity for stakeholders to voice their concerns and propose alterations. Secretary Raimondo herself anticipated that future administrations might introduce changes based on the feedback received during this period. As discussions on the potential benefits and drawbacks of these regulations continue, the semiconductor industry and its market participants will have a complex road ahead in navigating compliance whilst striving to maintain their competitive edge.

In conclusion, the new microchip export regulations represent a significant policy shift with far-reaching impacts on U.S. innovation and market utilization. The challenges posed by these rules could redefine the landscape of the semiconductor industry and potentially jeopardize the United States’ leadership position in the global technology market.